Civilization in ancient Egypt began with the clearance and irrigation of land along the banks of the River Nile which began in about that time, society in the Nile Valley was already engaged in organized agriculture and the construction of large buildings At this period, Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and also constructing large buildings. Mortar was in use by around The inhabitants of the Nile Valley and delta were self-sufficient and were raising barley and emmer an early variety of wheat and stored it in pits lined with reed mats They raised cattle, goats and wove linens and baskets Evidence of furniture from the predynastic period is scarce, but samples from First Dynasty tombs indicate
The earliest used seating furniture in the dynastic period was the stool, which was used throughout Egyptian society, from the royal family down to ordinary citizens Various different designs were used, including stools with four vertical legs, and others with crossed splayed legs; almost all had rectangular seats, however.[19] Examples include the workman's stool, a simple three legged structure with a concave seat, designed for comfort during labour and the much more ornate folding stool, with crossed folding legs which were decorated with carved duck heads and ivory and had hinges made of bronze Full chairs were much rarer in early Egypt, being limited to only wealthy and high ranking people, and seen as a status symbol they did not reach ordinary
Roman furniture was based heavily on Greek furniture, in style and construction. Rome gradually superseded Greece as the foremost culture of Europe, leading eventually to Greece becoming a province of Rome in 146 BC. Rome thus took over production and distribution of Greek furniture, and the boundary between the two is blurred The Romans did have some limited innovation outside of Greek influence, and styles distinctly their ownoman furniture was constructed principally using wood, metal and stone, with marble and limestone used for outside furniture. Very little wooden furniture survives intact, but there is evidence that a variety of woods were used, including maple, citron, beech, oak, and holly. Some imported wood such as satinwood was used for decoration. The most commonly used metal was bronze
During the 18th century, the fashion was set in England by the French art. In the beginning of the century Boulle cabinets were at the peak of their popularity and Louis XIV was reigning in France In this era, most of the furniture had metal and enamelled decorations in it and some of the furniture was covered in inlays of marbles lapis lazuli, and porphyry and other stones. By mid-century this Baroque style was displaced by the graceful curves, shining ormolu, and intricate marquetry of the Rococo style, which in turn gave way around 1770 to the more severe lines of Neoclassicism, modeled after the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome there is something so distinct in the development of taste in French furniture, marked out by the three styles to which the three monarchs have given the name of Louis Quatorze Louis Quinze, and Louis Seize.
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